Photo created by the author with canva AntiDiuretic Hormone|vasopressin |Endocrinology Keywords : What is anti-diuretic hormone. What are the main functions of ADH? What is vasopressin? Herring bodies| Magnocellular neurosecretory neurons | Prepropressophysin| Neurophysin II Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. Site of secretion 3. Regulation of secretion 4. Mechanism of secretion 5. Functions Introduction In this article, we will learn about anti-diuretic hormones in detail, including the site of secretion, the regulation of its secretion, the mechanism of action, and more. About’ totalphysiology.com.’ This article is part of my mission to provide trustworthy recent health information to support the general public, patients, and professionals globally. Here, you will find human Physiology and health-related topics. This article is intended for all learners and medical care providers. This activity aims for learners to better apply the latest scientific knowledge.
Liver-structure
This article discusses the structure of the liver. Here, learn about its position, blood supply, and more.
Keywords: Lobules | Macrophages | Space of Dessie|Centrifugal | Centripetal| Fat-soluble |vitamins A, D, E, K.
Table of contents
1. | Introduction |
2. | Position |
3. | Structure of liver |
4. | Blood supply |
5. | Links |
About’ totalphysiology.com.’
This article is part of my mission to provide trustworthy recent
health information to support the general public, patients, and
professionals globally.
Here you will find human Physiology, Anatomy, and health-related topics.
Introduction:
The liver is divided into lobes. The lobes are divided into many lobules. The liver lobule is the basic functional unit of the liver. The lobules have five or six sides, i.e., hexagonal or pentagonal. At each corner of the lobule, a branch of the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct are present –known as a portal triad. The liver lobules are separated from each other by connective tissue. The liver lobules are made up of a sheet of hepatic cells. The hepatic cell is a hepatocyte and forms about 80% of liver cells.
Structure of
an individual lobule: the hepatocytes are radially arranged like the spokes of a bicycle wheel. Typically two cell-wide hepatic cellular plates are present.
A simple fig is like this:
Blood sinusoids are essentially liver capillaries in which blood of the portal vein and hepatic artery get mixed and drain into the portal vein. The blood flows centripetally –towards the center.
The blood sinusoids are lined with endothelial cells and are fenestrated to increase permeability. The sinusoids have macrophages in their wall- they are actively phagocytic and immunologically active. The macrophages provide 1st line of defense.
The space between the blood sinusoid lining and hepatocyte is known as the perisinusoidal space of Dessie. The Hepatocyte membrane that faces the space of Dessie has microvilli. When blood passes through the blood, sinusoids, plasma, and macromolecules enter into this space, and there is an interaction between hepatic cells and plasma.
The microvilli of hepatocytes increase the area of contact. The
fluid flow through it away from the center -centrifugal into the lymphatic canaliculi and lymphatic
vessels. The fluid is lymph.
The blood from the portal vein drains from the gastrointestinal tract,
spleen, and pancreas. So the blood from the portal vein contains nutrients –products of digestion, hormones, drugs, a degraded
product of RBC, bacteria, virus
toxins, and other materials. The macrophages present in sinusoids kill bacteria
and other pathogens, so they may not
enter the systemic circulation.
The liver lobules are made up of sheets of hepatic cells. It is two cells thick. One side of the hepatocyte faces the blood sinusoids, and the other faces the bile canaliculi.
The hepatocytes prevent the mixing of blood and
bile. The hepatocytes excrete bile into the bile canaliculi –the transporting
channels. (Canaliculus singular.)The bile moves away from the center
–centrifugally into the bile duct present in the portal tract.
Portal lobule, when three central veins are joined by an
imaginary line, the portal triad is in the center-bile duct in the center. In the
classical hepatic lobe central vein is in the center.
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Hashtags: Lobules# Macrophages# Space of Dessie # Microvilli # Centrifugal # Centripetal # Fat-soluble #vitamins A, D, E, K.
Internal link:
https://totalphysology20.blogspot.com/2021/02/glands-we must know
https://totalphysology20.blogspot.com/2021/03/small intestine we must know
https://totalphysology20.blogspot.com/2021/05/ gall
bladder we must know
https://totalphysology20.blogspot.com/2021/05/ bile we must know
https://totalphysology20.blogspot.com/2021/05/liver
introduction we must know
External link:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki
https://www.sciencedirect.com>topics
https://pubmed.ncbi.nim.nih.gov>
https://www.cliffsnotes.com>deglut
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