Photo created by the author with canva AntiDiuretic Hormone|vasopressin |Endocrinology Keywords : What is anti-diuretic hormone. What are the main functions of ADH? What is vasopressin? Herring bodies| Magnocellular neurosecretory neurons | Prepropressophysin| Neurophysin II Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. Site of secretion 3. Regulation of secretion 4. Mechanism of secretion 5. Functions Introduction In this article, we will learn about anti-diuretic hormones in detail, including the site of secretion, the regulation of its secretion, the mechanism of action, and more. About’ totalphysiology.com.’ This article is part of my mission to provide trustworthy recent health information to support the general public, patients, and professionals globally. Here, you will find human Physiology and health-related topics. This article is intended for all learners and medical care providers. This activity aims for learners to better apply the latest scientific knowledge.
Glands|Ductless| |Autocrine|
Keywords:|Receptor|Signal| Intracrine|Autocrine|Paracrine|Juxtacrine|Endocrine|
What is a gland?
A gland is a group of cells
in the body. They synthesize and release substances that perform a specific
function in the body.
Enteroendocrine cells are spread throughout the intestinal tract and not clustered together. Therefore, the cells are not
in groups. However, if taken together, they are one of the largest endocrine systems in
the body. They are about 1% of the epithelial cells of GIT. They are specialized
for secretion.
Types
of ductless glands in the human body:
1.
Intracrine
2.
Autocrine
3
Paracrine.
4. Juxtacrine
5. Endocrine
Study of a characteristic unique feature of
different types of ductless glands:
Intracrine: is a hormone that acts inside a cell, i.e., the cell stimulates itself by producing a factor that works within the cell –the hormone is not secreted outside the cell. Instead, the hormone is secreted in the cell and acts on the receptors present inside the cell in which it is produced. For example, steroid hormones act through intracellular (primarily nuclear) receptors and thus may be considered to be intracrine. Several peptide/protein hormones or isoforms also operate inside the cell through different mechanisms.
In contrast, hormones act by binding to
their receptors present on the cell surface. The biological effects produced by
intracellular actions are Intracrine effects, and it is intracrinology. Some
peptide/protein hormones are also Intracrines, e.g., Fibroblast growth factor2,
and Parathyroid hormone-related protein.
Autocrine: They act on their own surface. Cells
of autocrine glands secrete the autocrine factors that bind to receptors on their
own character, causing changes in the cell. For example, the cytokine interleukin -1 in monocytes is an
autocrine agent. When interleukin-1 is produced in response to external
stimuli, it can bind to cell-surface receptors on the same cell that created
it.
Paracrine: They act on nearby cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine
factors diffuse over a relatively short distance- and exert local action. Cells
of paracrine glands secrete the paracrine factors into the immediate
extracellular environment. However, the exact length that the paracrine
factors can travel is uncertain. Target cells are nearby cells not attached
by gap junction.
Juxtacrine:
Juxtacrine glands act on nearby cells like paracrine glands, but the main difference in Juxtacrine secretions
requires physical contact with the partition on which they are performing. Cells of
Juxtacrine glands secrete the
Juxtacrine factors, and its target cells
have physical contact.
Endocrine: Endocrine glands secret
substances that enter the bloodstream by their basal lamina and circulate
through the bloodstream. These glands secrete hormones that play essential
roles in maintaining homeostasis. Endocrine glands are part of the endocrine system
of the body. Examples of endocrine glands are the pineal gland, pituitary gland,
thyroid gland, two adrenal glands, etc.
Cells of
endocrine glands secrete the endocrine factors or hormones that travel a long distance via the circulatory system to
reach the target cells.
The word
endocrine is derived from the Greek words endon
=inside within and secrete.
Hashtags: Receptor#Signal# Intracrine#Autocrine#Paracrine#Juxtacrine#Endocrine#
Internal
link: https://totalphysiology20.blogspot.com/2021/02/glands-we
https://totalphysiology20.blogspot.com/2021/02/salivary
glands-we
External
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https:// www.britannica.com>science
https://www.siencedirect.com>pil
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Very good subject.
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