Pituitary Gland|Master Gland Overview: The pituitary gland is a complex endocrine gland. It regulates the functions of other endocrine glands through its hormones. It controls the activity of different glands through its secretions. Therefore, it is also known as the 'Master gland' of the endocrine system. It is also known as Hypophysis. Keywords: Endocrine|Gland|Adenohypophysis|Neurohypophysis|CRH|Releasing factor| Hormones|Factors|Sella turcica | Hypothalamus|Master gland| Location : The pituitary gland is situated at the base of the brain, behind the bridge of the nose. It is a continuity of the hypothalamus and seems to protrude from its bottom at the brain base, in the center of the Middle cranial fossa. This is present in the hypophysial fossa of the sphenoid bones, surrounded by a bony cavity known as 'sella turcica' and covered by 'diaphragm sella' –a dural fold . The hypophysial fossa is the deepest part of "sella turcica."
Fever Producing Substances Fever causing Pyrogen is usually derived from microorganisms. Keywords: Pyrogens, Cytokines, Interleukin, Endogenous, PGF2, Exogenous, Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), LPB- LPS, Tumor necrosis factor – α, Arachidonic -acid, PGE2. What is pyrogen? The fever-producing substance is pyrogen. The pyrogen is usually derived from microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, viroids, etc. When present in large amount may lead to severe inflammation when not treated, it may lead to shock, multi-organ failure, and even death. Exogenous Pyrogens Microbial: Virus, Bacteria, Yeast, Fungus, Malarial parasites Lipopolysaccharide in gram-negative bacteria wall. Lipoteichoic in gram-positive bacteria. Non–microbial: Nonself: Some drugs, e.g., Colchicin Environment pollution Self: Antigen-antibody complexes Metabolic produ